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What role does the California Coastal Act play in land use?

On Behalf of | May 13, 2025 | Real Estate Litigation

The Coastal Act is a foundational piece of legislation that shapes land use along the state’s coastline. Adopted in 1976, the Act’s primary goal is to protect California’s coastal resources while accommodating reasonable development. It creates a balancing act between preservation and the development of coastal areas, which is especially significant in a state known for its iconic coastline.

Coastal Act’s jurisdiction and authority

This law gives the California Coastal Commission authority over land use decisions along the coast. The Commission is responsible for reviewing and approving new developments, ensuring that projects meet the environmental protection standards outlined in the Act. This includes consideration of impacts on habitats, visual aesthetics, public access, and more. 

The Act applies to all development within the coastal zone, which spans approximately one mile inland from the coastline.

Protecting coastal resources and public access

A major tenet of the California Coastal Act is the preservation of coastal resources. This includes protecting sensitive habitats such as wetlands, dunes, and marine life. The Act also ensures public access to beaches and the coastline. It mandates that developments do not obstruct public paths or reduce the availability of public lands. Developers are required to consider the impact of their projects on these essential aspects of the coastal environment.

Balancing development and conservation

While the Coastal Act prioritizes environmental protection, it also recognizes the need for development. It permits certain types of development but places restrictions to limit adverse environmental effects. 

For instance, in the case of a proposed residential development, the project must comply with specific standards to ensure minimal disruption to the surrounding habitat. In cases where the development conflicts with conservation goals, the project may be denied.

This law serves as an important tool in land use decisions along the state’s coast. By balancing development with environmental stewardship, the Act helps maintain the integrity of the state’s coastline for future generations.